Performing an abortion is one signature away from becoming a felony for physicians in Oklahoma.

The Oklahoma Legislature passed a bill Thursday which would subject doctors to up to three years in prison for performing abortions. Senate Bill 1552 also says that any physician who participates in an abortion will be “prohibited from obtaining or renewing a licence to practice medicine in this state.” The law would not apply to abortions performed in order to save a mother’s life.

The measure, which passed the Senate by a 33-12 vote, now goes to Governor Mary Fallin, long a defender of the sanctity of life. Gov. Fallin — incidentally on Donald Trump’s VP short-list — is withholding comment until her staff has time to review the legislation.

Critics say the bill is unconstitutional and amounts to the elimination of abortion in the Sooner State. “This total ban on abortion is a new low,” said Amanda Allen, a lawyer for the Center for Reproductive Rights said. “When abortion is illegal, women and their health, futures and families suffer.” The pro-abortion group also believes its criminal penalties on doctors make the bill the first of its kind in the nation.

The bill’s sponsor, Sen. Nathan Dahm, says he’s out to protect the unborn. “Since I believe life begins at conception, it should be protected,” he said, “and I believe it’s a core function of state government to defend that life from the beginning of conception.”

Dahm also told the Associated Press he hopes Oklahoma effort could eventually lead to the overturning of Roe v. Wade. Commenting on the bill’s passage, Stream Senior Editor and legal analyst Rachel Alexander said, “Though legalizing abortion, Roe v. Wade also held that a balance must be struck between a woman’s access to abortion and the states’ legitimate interest in protecting women’s health and unborn life. The Oklahoma bill takes a very expansive view of the states’ interest.”

In a further effort to protect life, Oklahoma’s House approved a bill Thursday that would require the state’s Department of Health to develop informational material “for the purpose of achieving an abortion-free society.” This would include information about alternatives to abortion and the developmental stages of a fetus. It also authorizes an optional instructional program for students. However, no funding was approved for the measure.